5.336. same_and_global_cardinality_low_up

DESCRIPTIONLINKSGRAPH
Origin

Derived from πšœπšŠπš–πšŽ and πšπš•πš˜πš‹πšŠπš•_πšŒπšŠπš›πšπš’πš—πšŠπš•πš’πšπš’_πš•πš˜πš _πšžπš™

Constraint

πšœπšŠπš–πšŽ_πšŠπš—πš_πšπš•πš˜πš‹πšŠπš•_πšŒπšŠπš›πšπš’πš—πšŠπš•πš’πšπš’_πš•πš˜πš _πšžπš™(πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1,πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2,πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚)

Arguments
πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1πšŒπš˜πš•πš•πšŽπšŒπšπš’πš˜πš—(πšŸπšŠπš›-πšπšŸπšŠπš›)
πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2πšŒπš˜πš•πš•πšŽπšŒπšπš’πš˜πš—(πšŸπšŠπš›-πšπšŸπšŠπš›)
πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚πšŒπš˜πš•πš•πšŽπšŒπšπš’πš˜πš—(πšŸπšŠπš•-πš’πš—πš,πš˜πš–πš’πš—-πš’πš—πš,πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘-πš’πš—πš)
Restrictions
|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1|=|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2|
πš›πšŽπššπšžπš’πš›πšŽπš(πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1,πšŸπšŠπš›)
πš›πšŽπššπšžπš’πš›πšŽπš(πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2,πšŸπšŠπš›)
πš›πšŽπššπšžπš’πš›πšŽπš(πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚,[πšŸπšŠπš•,πš˜πš–πš’πš—,πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘])
πšπš’πšœπšπš’πš—πšŒπš(πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚,πšŸπšŠπš•)
πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πš’πš—β‰₯0
πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘β‰€|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1|
πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πš’πš—β‰€πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘
Purpose

The variables of the πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2 collection correspond to the variables of the πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1 collection according to a permutation. In addition, each value πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚[i].πšŸπšŠπš• (with i∈[1,|πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚|]) should be taken by at least πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚[i].πš˜πš–πš’πš— and at most πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚[i].πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘ variables of the πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1 collection. Finally, each variable of πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1 should be assigned a value of πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚[i].πšŸπšŠπš• (with i∈[1,|πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚|]).

Example
1,9,1,5,2,1,9,1,1,1,2,5,πšŸπšŠπš•-1πš˜πš–πš’πš—-2πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘-3,πšŸπšŠπš•-2πš˜πš–πš’πš—-1πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘-1,πšŸπšŠπš•-5πš˜πš–πš’πš—-1πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘-1,πšŸπšŠπš•-7πš˜πš–πš’πš—-0πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘-2,πšŸπšŠπš•-9πš˜πš–πš’πš—-1πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘-1

The πšœπšŠπš–πšŽ_πšŠπš—πš_πšπš•πš˜πš‹πšŠπš•_πšŒπšŠπš›πšπš’πš—πšŠπš•πš’πšπš’_πš•πš˜πš _πšžπš™ constraint holds since:

  • The values 1, 9, 1, 5, 2, 1 assigned to |πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1| correspond to a permutation of the values 9, 1, 1, 1, 2, 5 assigned to |πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2|.

  • The values 1, 2, 5, 7 and 6 are respectively used 3 (2≀3≀3), 1 (1≀1≀1), 1 (1≀1≀1), 0 (0≀0≀2) and 1 (1≀1≀1) times.

Typical
|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1|>1
πš›πšŠπš—πšπšŽ(πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1.πšŸπšŠπš›)>1
πš›πšŠπš—πšπšŽ(πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2.πšŸπšŠπš›)>1
|πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚|>1
πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πš’πš—β‰€|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1|
πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘>0
πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘<|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1|
|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1|>|πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚|
Symmetries
  • Arguments are permutable w.r.t. permutation (πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1,πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2) (πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚).

  • Items of πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1 are permutable.

  • Items of πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2 are permutable.

  • An occurrence of a value of πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1.πšŸπšŠπš› or πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2.πšŸπšŠπš› that does not belong to πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πšŸπšŠπš• can be replaced by any other value that also does not belong to πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πšŸπšŠπš•.

  • Items of πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚ are permutable.

  • πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πš’πš— can be decreased to any value β‰₯0.

  • πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘ can be increased to any value ≀|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1|.

  • All occurrences of two distinct values in πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1.πšŸπšŠπš›, πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2.πšŸπšŠπš› or πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πšŸπšŠπš• can be swapped; all occurrences of a value in πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1.πšŸπšŠπš›, πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2.πšŸπšŠπš› or πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πšŸπšŠπš• can be renamed to any unused value.

Arg. properties

Contractible wrt. πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.

Usage

The πšœπšŠπš–πšŽ_πšŠπš—πš_πšπš•πš˜πš‹πšŠπš•_πšŒπšŠπš›πšπš’πš—πšŠπš•πš’πšπš’_πš•πš˜πš _πšžπš™ constraint can be used for modelling the following assignment problem with a single constraint. The organisation Doctors Without Borders has a list of doctors and a list of nurses, each of whom volunteered to go on one rescue mission. Each volunteer specifies a list of possible dates and each mission should include one doctor and one nurse. In addition we have for each date the minimum and maximum number of missions that should be effectively done. The task is to produce a list of pairs such that each pair includes a doctor and a nurse who are available on the same date and each volunteer appears in exactly one pair so that for each day we build the required number of missions.

Algorithm

InΒ [BeldiceanuKatrielThiel05b], the flow network that was used to model the πšœπšŠπš–πšŽ constraint Β [BeldiceanuKatrielThiel04a], [BeldiceanuKatrielThiel04b] is extended to support the cardinalities. FigureΒ 3.7.31 illustrates this flow model. Then, algorithms are developed to compute arc-consistency and bound-consistency.

See also

generalisation: πšœπšŠπš–πšŽ_πšŠπš—πš_πšπš•πš˜πš‹πšŠπš•_πšŒπšŠπš›πšπš’πš—πšŠπš•πš’πšπš’Β (πšπš’πš‘πšŽπš πš’πš—πšπšŽπš›πšŸπšŠπš• replaced by πšŸπšŠπš›πš’πšŠπš‹πš•πšŽ).

implies: πšπš•πš˜πš‹πšŠπš•_πšŒπšŠπš›πšπš’πš—πšŠπš•πš’πšπš’_πš•πš˜πš _πšžπš™, πšπš•πš˜πš‹πšŠπš•_πšŒπšŠπš›πšπš’πš—πšŠπš•πš’πšπš’_πš•πš˜πš _πšžπš™_πš—πš˜_πš•πš˜πš˜πš™, πšœπšŠπš–πšŽ.

Keywords

application area: assignment.

combinatorial object: permutation, multiset.

constraint arguments: constraint between two collections of variables.

constraint type: value constraint.

filtering: bound-consistency, arc-consistency, flow.

modelling: equality between multisets.

problems: demand profile.

Arc input(s)

πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1 πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2

Arc generator
π‘ƒπ‘…π‘‚π·π‘ˆπΆπ‘‡β†¦πšŒπš˜πš•πš•πšŽπšŒπšπš’πš˜πš—(πšŸπšŠπš›πš’πšŠπš‹πš•πšŽπšœ1,πšŸπšŠπš›πš’πšŠπš‹πš•πšŽπšœ2)

Arc arity
Arc constraint(s)
πšŸπšŠπš›πš’πšŠπš‹πš•πšŽπšœ1.πšŸπšŠπš›=πšŸπšŠπš›πš’πšŠπš‹πš•πšŽπšœ2.πšŸπšŠπš›
Graph property(ies)
β€’ for all connected components: ππ’πŽπ”π‘π‚π„=ππ’πˆππŠ
β€’ ππ’πŽπ”π‘π‚π„=|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1|
β€’ ππ’πˆππŠ=|πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚2|

For all items of πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚:

Arc input(s)

πš…π™°πšπ™Έπ™°π™±π™»π™΄πš‚1

Arc generator
π‘†πΈπΏπΉβ†¦πšŒπš˜πš•πš•πšŽπšŒπšπš’πš˜πš—(πšŸπšŠπš›πš’πšŠπš‹πš•πšŽπšœ)

Arc arity
Arc constraint(s)
πšŸπšŠπš›πš’πšŠπš‹πš•πšŽπšœ.πšŸπšŠπš›=πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πšŸπšŠπš•
Graph property(ies)
β€’ 𝐍𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐄𝐗β‰₯πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πš’πš—
β€’ ππ•π„π‘π“π„π—β‰€πš…π™°π™»πš„π™΄πš‚.πš˜πš–πšŠπš‘

Graph model

PartsΒ (A) andΒ (B) of FigureΒ 5.336.1 respectively show the initial and final graph associated with the first graph constraint of the Example slot. Since we use the ππ’πŽπ”π‘π‚π„ and ππ’πˆππŠ graph properties, the source and sink vertices of the final graph are stressed with a double circle. Since there is a constraint on each connected component of the final graph we also show the different connected components. Each of them corresponds to an equivalence class according to the arc constraint.

Figure 5.336.1. Initial and final graph of the πšœπšŠπš–πšŽ_πšŠπš—πš_πšπš•πš˜πš‹πšŠπš•_πšŒπšŠπš›πšπš’πš—πšŠπš•πš’πšπš’_πš•πš˜πš _πšžπš™ constraint
ctrs/same_and_global_cardinality_low_upA
(a)
ctrs/same_and_global_cardinality_low_upB
(b)